Minimizing the Adversely Impacts of Water Deficit and Soil Salinity on Maize Growth and Productivity in Response to the Application of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Silica Nanoparticles

The development of new approaches for sustaining soil quality, leaf health, and maize productivity are imperative in light water deficit salinity. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) silica nanoparticles (SiNP) expected to improve chemistry leading improved plant performance productivity. In this field experiment, is imposed by three irrigation intervals—12 (I1), 15 (I2), 18 (I3) days. Plants also treated with foliar applications (control, PGPR, SiNP, PGPR + SiNP) assess enzymatic activity, physicochemical properties, physiological traits, biochemical analysis, nutrient uptake, (Zea mays L.) plants grown under salt-affected during the 2019 2020 seasons. With longer intervals, application relieves deleterious impacts shortage improves yield-related traits This attributed improvement activity (dehydrogenase alkaline phosphatase) characteristics, which enhances plants’ health growth intervals (i.e., I2 I3). Foliar spraying SiNP shows an shortage. mainly owing decline oxidative stress improving (CAT, SOD, POD) ion balance (K+/Na+), resulting higher photosynthetic rate, relative content, pigments, stomatal conductance, alongside reduced proline electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidase, sodium content soil. co-treatment confirms greater productivity, as well uptake (N, P, K). Accordingly, their combination a good strategy relieving detrimental salinity on production.